Subject: kadangyan war leader
Setting: tribal warfare, Luzon highlands 1930s-1940s
Object: tufay spears
Fal Feg
* Stone 1934 p225
"FAL-FEG. An Igorot spear, Northern Luzon. It has a rather broad head with nearly parallel sides, an ogival point and a single pair of rather large, blunt barbs. The shaft is heavy, about five feet long, and strengthened by an iron ferrule, or a band of bajuco (cane) where the tang is inserted. The heads are from two to ten inches long, the lighter ones being preferred for war. The fal-feg is the type of spear most used by the Igorot in war and hunting and is carried most of the time by every man. The heavy staff is used as an alpenstock when climbing the steep mountain trails." [reference omitted]
* Jenks 1905 p127
"There are four styles of spear blades made by Baliwang. The one most common is called 'fal-fĕg'.' It is a simple, single-barbed blade, and ranges from 2 inches to 6 inches in length. This style of blade is the most used in warfare, and the smaller, lighter blades are considered better for this purpose."
Fang Kao
* Stone 1934 p226
"FANG-KAO. The Igorot barbless hunting spear."
* Jenks 1905 p127-128
"The fang'-kao, or barbless lance blade, is next common in use. It is not a war blade, but is used almost entirely in killing carabaos and hogs. There is one notable exception to this statement -- Ambawan has almost no other class of spear. These blades range from 4 to 12 or 14 inches in length."
Bamboo
* Jenks 1905 p125
"Throughout the Bontoc area there is a spear with a bamboo blade, entirely a wooden weapon. [SIC -- bamboo is a grass, not a wood.] The spear is employed in warfare, and is losing its place only as iron becomes plentiful and cheap enough to substitute for the bamboo blades or heads. Even in sections in which iron spears are relatively common the wooden spear is used much in warfare, since spears thrown at an enemy are frequently lost."
Sinalitawan
* Tan 2021 p315-316
"[T]he Bontok made use of an iron spear to frighten off evil spirits. A special spear called sinalawitan or sinalawidan served this purpose. When traveling the Bontok brought along this multibarbed spear to scare off anito spirits, according to Albert Jenks (1905, 128):
"The former [si-na-la-wi'-tan] is quite familiar to the fal-feg', except that instead of a single pair of barbs there are other barbs -- say, from one to ten pairs. This spear is not considered at all serviceable as a hunting spear, and is not used in war as much as is the fal-feg'. It is prized highly as an anito scarer. When a man passes alone in the mountains anito are very prone to walk with him; however, if the traveler carries a si-na-la-wi'-tan, anito will not molest him, since they are afraid when they see the formidable army of barbs." [references omitted]
